🏡 Rights & responsibilities · #25

What is the ruling on coitus interruptus (ʿazl)? Is the wife's permission needed?

ʿAzl is permitted, but preferably with the wife's agreement, because the wife also has a right to offspring and to satisfaction.
Jabir r.a. said: we practised ʿazl while the Qur'an was still being revealed, and the Prophet ﷺ did not forbid it. However, he reminded that if Allah wills a soul to be created, it will come into being regardless. This method is not fully effective in preventing pregnancy. The couple should discuss family planning openly. See Fertility & IVF.

Difference between schools. Hanafi and Hanbali: the permission of a free wife is required. Maliki: the wife's permission is needed. Shafi'i (the sounder view): permissible without permission but disliked.

Sources

Sahih Muslim, Kitab an-Nikah

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This answer is general reference, not a fatwa. For your situation, consult the religious affairs office, a Syarie lawyer or your state Syariah Court.

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